With distributed effort, anyone can contribute a visualizer for a class or two for everyone's benefit. Visual Studio introduces a novel type visualization framework called natvis. A good natvis tutorial is hosted on MSDN. I named it NatvisAddIn. The debugger will show the method's formatted value in the Auto, Watch or tooltip display for each instance of the specified type MyClass, MyStruct. Place both the compiled NatvisAddIn.
If all goes well, you will see natvis messages appear in Visual Studio's debugger Output window. The messages will show whether Natvis was able to parse the. Results of parsing every. Also make sure the current. Memory leaks are an important problem in native development and finding them could be a serious challenging especially in large projects. Visual Studio provides reports about detected memory leaks and there are other applications free or commercial to help you with that.
In some situations though, it is possible to use the debugger to break when an allocation that eventually leaks is done.
To do this however, you must find a reproducible allocation number which might not be that easy though. If you are able to do that, then the debugger can break the moment that is performed. Let's consider this code that allocates 8 bytes, but never releases the allocated memory.
Visual Studio displays a report of the leaked objects, and running this several times, I could see it's always the same allocation number Following these steps for my example with allocation number , I was able to identify the source of the leak:.
Debug and Release builds are meant for different purposes. While a Debug configuration is used for development, a Release configuration, as the name implies should be used for the final version of a program.
Since it's supposed that the application meets the required quality to be published, such a configuration contains optimizations and settings that break the debugging experience of a Debug build. Still, sometimes you'd like to be able to debug the Release build the same way you debug the Debug build. You can quickly inspect objects by their properties in the Watch window with the Pinnable Properties tool. To use this tool, hover over a property and select the pin icon that appears or right-click and select the Pin Member as Favorite option in the resulting context menu.
To unpin a property, select the pin icon again or select the Unpin Member as Favorite option in the context menu. You can access both options by selecting the buttons in the toolbar above the watch window. A refresh icon circular arrow might appear in the Watch window when an expression is evaluated. The refresh icon indicates an error or a value that is out of date.
To refresh the value, select the refresh icon, or press the spacebar. The debugger tries to reevaluate the expression. However, you may not want or be able to reevaluate the expression, depending on why the value wasn't evaluated. Hover over the refresh icon or see the Value column for the reason the expression wasn't evaluated.
Reasons include:. An error occurred as the expression was being evaluated, as in the previous example. A timeout might occur, or a variable might be out of scope. The expression has a function call that could trigger a side effect in the app. See Expression side effects. Enter the following code, and in the Watch window, set a watch on the list.
Count property. The debugger reevaluates the expression. Evaluating some expressions can change the value of a variable, or otherwise affect the state of your app. For example, evaluating the following expression changes the value of var1 :. This code can cause a side effect. Side effects can make debugging more difficult by changing the way your app operates. An expression with side effects is evaluated only once, when you first enter it.
After that, the expression appears grayed out in the Watch window, and further evaluations are disabled. The tooltip or Value column explains that the expression causes a side effect.
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