The test consists of weighing a fabric after it has been soaked in water. This is the exact reason for their comfort. Materials that we wear next to the skin feels more comfortable with yarn made of absorbent fibers. Rayon however shows such a high affinity with water that it tends to not let it evaporate thus eliminating the comfort gain. There are, however, artificial means to alter the behavior of a yarn to mimic the comfort feel of cotton. While it is not possible for nylon, polyester or acetate to reach the absorption level of cotton, treatments exist to make them very hydrophilic to maximize the wicking effect.
The wicking effect is obtained by raising the affinity between yarn and water creating a movement of water throughout the fabric in all three dimensions. Thus, a drop of perspiration is dissipated quickly on a larger area on the fabric and is diffused away from the skin more rapidly.
At the molecular level, nylon contains hydrophilic amide groups. Therefore nylon is water-absorbent.
Water absorption will result in dimensional change. The water-absorption rates shown in Table 36 represent values based on immersion in water and therefore differ from atmospheric equilibrium water absorption. Figure 34 shows the change over time of water-absorption rates for each type of nylon. Even using the same type of nylon, water-absorption speed will vary depending on the shape of the formed product.
Figure 35 illustrates that phenomenon. The values m and n are constants determined by the type of nylon, shape of the formed product and the molding conditions crystallinity. Next we will use a diffusion equation to find the change over time in water absorption of nylon molded products. For simplification, the water-absorption direction in a semi-infinite object shall be one-dimensional.
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